Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan

Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses; Ebenezer Obi Daniel; Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al; Wani Silas Lubang; Ahmed Mamuda Bello; Paul Olaiya Abiodun; Israel Olukayode Popoola; Adebanke Adetutu Ogun; Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh; Michael Olabode Tomori; Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia; Oladapo Michael Olagbegi; Gabriel Omoniyi Ayeni

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13

Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan

Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses, Ebenezer Obi Daniel, Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al, Wani Silas Lubang, Ahmed Mamuda Bello, Paul Olaiya Abiodun, Israel Olukayode Popoola, Adebanke Adetutu Ogun, Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh, Michael Olabode Tomori, Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia, Oladapo Michael Olagbegi, Gabriel Omoniyi Ayeni

Published in Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 7 November 2021 Accepted: 25 November 2021 Published: 2 December 2021

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Abstract

Optimal breastfeeding, which involves initiating breastfeeding within one hour of birth, giving colostrum, exclusive breastfeeding for six months, and introducing complementary food at six months, prevents under-five deaths in developing countries, saving millions of lives annually. The maximum effect of prolactin and oxytocin on milk production is dependent on insulin, insulin-like growth factors, cortisol, and the intake of nutrients and fluids. Stress affects these factors and processes, reducing the quantity and quality of milk for the growth and health of the baby. The supportive or non-supportive role of male partners affects the mothers' physical and emotional states. The researchers administered a structured questionnaire of 13 close-ended questions through scheduled interviews with 275 male parents of children younger than two years. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.0 analyzed the data to generate frequencies, median, and interquartile range as measures of dispersion and central tendency, respectively. Spearman's rank correlation test did the calculations of correlations. Fathers helped with house works, responding to the baby's cries and bathing the baby (86%); taking care of other children or other house responsibilities (85%); taking care of the baby while the mother sleeps for a bit of time (85%) and smiling, holding and watching the mother as she breastfeeds (91%). Roles were correlated with education level (r=.308, p=0.000<0.05) and employment (r=-.155, p=.007<0.05) but not with hours of work (r=0.049, p=0.448>0.05).

Published in	Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13
Page(s)	98-104
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Fathers, Roles, Breastfeeding, Juba, South Sudan

References

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[7]	Dinga, L. A., Kiage, B. N., & Kyallo, F. M. (2018). Effect of paternal education about complementary feeding of infants in Kisumu County, Kenya. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 18 (3), 13702-13716.
[8]	Abera, M., Abdulahi, M., & Wakayo, T. (2017). Fathers' involvement in breastfeeding practices and associated factors among households with fewer than six months in Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Pediatr Ther, 7 (1), 1000306.
[9]	Ng, R., Shorey, S., & He, H. G. (2019). Integrative Review of the Factors That Influence Fathers' Involvement in the Breastfeeding of Their Infants. Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing: JOGNN, 48 (1), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2018.10.005.
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[13]	Datta, J., Graham, B., & Wellings, K. (2012). The role of fathers in breastfeeding: Decision-making and support. British journal of midwifery, 20 (3), 159-167.https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2012.20.3.159.
[14]	Tamiru, D., Belachew, T., Loha, E., & Mohammed, S. (2012). Sub-optimal breastfeeding of infants during the first six months and associated factors in rural communities of Jimma Arjo Woreda, Southwest Ethiopia. BMC public health, 12, 363. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-363.
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APA Style

Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses, Ebenezer Obi Daniel, Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al, Wani Silas Lubang, Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. (2021). Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan. Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care, 7(4), 98-104. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13

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ACS Style

Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses; Ebenezer Obi Daniel; Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al; Wani Silas Lubang; Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan. J. Fam. Med. Health Care 2021, 7(4), 98-104. doi: 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13

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AMA Style

Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses, Ebenezer Obi Daniel, Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al, Wani Silas Lubang, Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan. J Fam Med Health Care. 2021;7(4):98-104. doi: 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13

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@article{10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13,
  author = {Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses and Ebenezer Obi Daniel and Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al and Wani Silas Lubang and Ahmed Mamuda Bello and Paul Olaiya Abiodun and Israel Olukayode Popoola and Adebanke Adetutu Ogun and Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh and Michael Olabode Tomori and Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia and Oladapo Michael Olagbegi and Gabriel Omoniyi Ayeni},
  title = {Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan},
  journal = {Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {98-104},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfmhc.20210704.13},
  abstract = {Optimal breastfeeding, which involves initiating breastfeeding within one hour of birth, giving colostrum, exclusive breastfeeding for six months, and introducing complementary food at six months, prevents under-five deaths in developing countries, saving millions of lives annually. The maximum effect of prolactin and oxytocin on milk production is dependent on insulin, insulin-like growth factors, cortisol, and the intake of nutrients and fluids. Stress affects these factors and processes, reducing the quantity and quality of milk for the growth and health of the baby. The supportive or non-supportive role of male partners affects the mothers' physical and emotional states. The researchers administered a structured questionnaire of 13 close-ended questions through scheduled interviews with 275 male parents of children younger than two years. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.0 analyzed the data to generate frequencies, median, and interquartile range as measures of dispersion and central tendency, respectively. Spearman's rank correlation test did the calculations of correlations. Fathers helped with house works, responding to the baby's cries and bathing the baby (86%); taking care of other children or other house responsibilities (85%); taking care of the baby while the mother sleeps for a bit of time (85%) and smiling, holding and watching the mother as she breastfeeds (91%). Roles were correlated with education level (r=.308, p=0.0000.05).},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan
AU  - Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses
AU  - Ebenezer Obi Daniel
AU  - Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al
AU  - Wani Silas Lubang
AU  - Ahmed Mamuda Bello
AU  - Paul Olaiya Abiodun
AU  - Israel Olukayode Popoola
AU  - Adebanke Adetutu Ogun
AU  - Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh
AU  - Michael Olabode Tomori
AU  - Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia
AU  - Oladapo Michael Olagbegi
AU  - Gabriel Omoniyi Ayeni
Y1  - 2021/12/02
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13
T2  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
JF  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
JO  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
SP  - 98
EP  - 104
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8342
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13
AB  - Optimal breastfeeding, which involves initiating breastfeeding within one hour of birth, giving colostrum, exclusive breastfeeding for six months, and introducing complementary food at six months, prevents under-five deaths in developing countries, saving millions of lives annually. The maximum effect of prolactin and oxytocin on milk production is dependent on insulin, insulin-like growth factors, cortisol, and the intake of nutrients and fluids. Stress affects these factors and processes, reducing the quantity and quality of milk for the growth and health of the baby. The supportive or non-supportive role of male partners affects the mothers' physical and emotional states. The researchers administered a structured questionnaire of 13 close-ended questions through scheduled interviews with 275 male parents of children younger than two years. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.0 analyzed the data to generate frequencies, median, and interquartile range as measures of dispersion and central tendency, respectively. Spearman's rank correlation test did the calculations of correlations. Fathers helped with house works, responding to the baby's cries and bathing the baby (86%); taking care of other children or other house responsibilities (85%); taking care of the baby while the mother sleeps for a bit of time (85%) and smiling, holding and watching the mother as she breastfeeds (91%). Roles were correlated with education level (r=.308, p=0.0000.05).
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Ebenezer Obi Daniel

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al

Department of Primary Health Care, National Ministry of Health, Juba, Republic of South Sudan
Wani Silas Lubang

Department of Primary Health Care, National Ministry of Health, Juba, Republic of South Sudan
Ahmed Mamuda Bello

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Paul Olaiya Abiodun

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Israel Olukayode Popoola

Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Adebanke Adetutu Ogun

International Organization for Migration, Abuja, Nigeria
Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Michael Olabode Tomori

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Oladapo Michael Olagbegi

South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
Gabriel Omoniyi Ayeni

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana

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APA Style

Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses, Ebenezer Obi Daniel, Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al, Wani Silas Lubang, Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. (2021). Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan. Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care, 7(4), 98-104. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13

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ACS Style

Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses; Ebenezer Obi Daniel; Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al; Wani Silas Lubang; Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan. J. Fam. Med. Health Care 2021, 7(4), 98-104. doi: 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13

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AMA Style

Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses, Ebenezer Obi Daniel, Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al, Wani Silas Lubang, Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan. J Fam Med Health Care. 2021;7(4):98-104. doi: 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13

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@article{10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13,
  author = {Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses and Ebenezer Obi Daniel and Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al and Wani Silas Lubang and Ahmed Mamuda Bello and Paul Olaiya Abiodun and Israel Olukayode Popoola and Adebanke Adetutu Ogun and Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh and Michael Olabode Tomori and Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia and Oladapo Michael Olagbegi and Gabriel Omoniyi Ayeni},
  title = {Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan},
  journal = {Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {98-104},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfmhc.20210704.13},
  abstract = {Optimal breastfeeding, which involves initiating breastfeeding within one hour of birth, giving colostrum, exclusive breastfeeding for six months, and introducing complementary food at six months, prevents under-five deaths in developing countries, saving millions of lives annually. The maximum effect of prolactin and oxytocin on milk production is dependent on insulin, insulin-like growth factors, cortisol, and the intake of nutrients and fluids. Stress affects these factors and processes, reducing the quantity and quality of milk for the growth and health of the baby. The supportive or non-supportive role of male partners affects the mothers' physical and emotional states. The researchers administered a structured questionnaire of 13 close-ended questions through scheduled interviews with 275 male parents of children younger than two years. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.0 analyzed the data to generate frequencies, median, and interquartile range as measures of dispersion and central tendency, respectively. Spearman's rank correlation test did the calculations of correlations. Fathers helped with house works, responding to the baby's cries and bathing the baby (86%); taking care of other children or other house responsibilities (85%); taking care of the baby while the mother sleeps for a bit of time (85%) and smiling, holding and watching the mother as she breastfeeds (91%). Roles were correlated with education level (r=.308, p=0.0000.05).},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Roles and Associated Sociodemographic Correlates of Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan
AU  - Tobijo Denis Sokiri Moses
AU  - Ebenezer Obi Daniel
AU  - Zecho Gatkek Gatka-al
AU  - Wani Silas Lubang
AU  - Ahmed Mamuda Bello
AU  - Paul Olaiya Abiodun
AU  - Israel Olukayode Popoola
AU  - Adebanke Adetutu Ogun
AU  - Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh
AU  - Michael Olabode Tomori
AU  - Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia
AU  - Oladapo Michael Olagbegi
AU  - Gabriel Omoniyi Ayeni
Y1  - 2021/12/02
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13
T2  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
JF  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
JO  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
SP  - 98
EP  - 104
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8342
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20210704.13
AB  - Optimal breastfeeding, which involves initiating breastfeeding within one hour of birth, giving colostrum, exclusive breastfeeding for six months, and introducing complementary food at six months, prevents under-five deaths in developing countries, saving millions of lives annually. The maximum effect of prolactin and oxytocin on milk production is dependent on insulin, insulin-like growth factors, cortisol, and the intake of nutrients and fluids. Stress affects these factors and processes, reducing the quantity and quality of milk for the growth and health of the baby. The supportive or non-supportive role of male partners affects the mothers' physical and emotional states. The researchers administered a structured questionnaire of 13 close-ended questions through scheduled interviews with 275 male parents of children younger than two years. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.0 analyzed the data to generate frequencies, median, and interquartile range as measures of dispersion and central tendency, respectively. Spearman's rank correlation test did the calculations of correlations. Fathers helped with house works, responding to the baby's cries and bathing the baby (86%); taking care of other children or other house responsibilities (85%); taking care of the baby while the mother sleeps for a bit of time (85%) and smiling, holding and watching the mother as she breastfeeds (91%). Roles were correlated with education level (r=.308, p=0.0000.05).
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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